Snakes in Texas: Lone Star Grit & Serpents - Reptile Reader (2024)

Howdy, fellow snake enthusiasts! Are y’all ready for an exciting journey through the diverse and fascinating world of Texas snakes? With a whopping 106 species slithering their way through the Lone Star State, you’re in for quite an adventure.

From the tiniest of threadsnakes to the impressively large indigo snake, Texas is a haven for these incredible creatures. And believe it or not, only a small fraction of these species pose any threat to humans.

So, saddle up and get ready to explore the vast variety of serpents that call Texas home. Let’s get started!

#	Name	Details	Image
1	Arid Land Ribbon Snake(Thamnophis proximus diabolicus)	Size: Up to 30 inches (76 cm) Color: Olive-green or brown with yellowish stripes Habitat: Arid and semi-arid habitats, near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
2	Baird’s Rat Snake(Pantherophis bairdi)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Gray, tan or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Dry, rocky habitats, including hillsides and canyons Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
3	Banded Rock Rattlesnake(Crotalus lepidus klauberi)	Size: 16-33 inches (40-84 cm) Color: Gray or blue-gray with dark bands Habitat: Rocky habitats, including canyons, cliffs, and slopes Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
4	Big Bend Blackheaded Snake(Tantilla cucullata)	Size: 6-10 inches (15-25 cm) Color: Black head, gray or brown body with a light-colored stripe on the neck Habitat: Desert scrublands, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
5	Big Bend Patchnose Snake(Salvadora deserticola)	Size: 20-45 inches (51-114 cm) Color: Gray or brown with a light-colored dorsal stripe Habitat: Desert scrublands, rocky areas, and grasslands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
6	Black Rat Snake(Pantherophis obsoletus)	Size: Up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) Color: Black with faint dark blotches Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
7	Black-striped Snake(Coniophanes imperialis)	Size: 12-28 inches (30-71 cm) Color: Gray or brown with a black stripe Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
8	Blackneck Garter Snake(Thamnophis cyrtopsis)	Size: 16-42 inches (40-107 cm) Color: Olive-green or brown with dark stripes and a black neck Habitat: Near water sources, including streams, rivers, and ponds Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
9	Blotched Water Snake(Nerodia erythrogaster transversa)	Size: 24-42 inches (61-107 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Near water sources, including lakes, rivers, and ponds Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
10	Brazos Water Snake(Nerodia harteri)	Size: 16-32 inches (40-81 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands Habitat: Near water sources, mainly in the Brazos River system Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
11	Broad-banded Copperhead(Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus)	Size: 20-36 inches (51-91 cm) Color: Coppery-brown with dark bands Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and rocky terrains Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
12	Broad-banded Water Snake(Nerodia fasciata confluens)	Size: 24-42 inches (61-106 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands Habitat: Aquatic habitats, including lakes, ponds, streams, and swamps Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
13	Bullsnake(Pituophis catenifer sayi)	Size: 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) Color: Brown or yellowish with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, deserts, woodlands, and agricultural areas Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
14	Buttermilk Racer(Coluber constrictor anthicus)	Size: 20-65 inches (51-165 cm) Color: Gray or brown with cream-colored speckles Habitat: Woodlands, prairies, and grasslands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
15	Central Plains Milksnake(Lampropeltis gentilis)	Size: 16-32 inches (40-81 cm) Color: Reddish-brown with alternating light and dark bands Habitat: Prairies, woodlands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
16	Central Texas Whipsnake(Masticophis taeniatus)	Size: 30-72 inches (76-183 cm) Color: Olive to brown with dark brown or black crossbars Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
17	Checkered Garter Snake(Thamnophis marcianus)	Size: 18-42 inches (46-106 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or black with checkered pattern Habitat: Near water sources, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
18	Concho Water Snake(Nerodia harteri paucimaculata)	Size: 16-32 inches (40-81 cm) Color: Light gray to greenish-brown with dark blotches Habitat: Clear, flowing rivers and streams Behaviour: Aquatic, active during day and night
19	Corn Snake(Pantherophis guttatus)	Size: 24-72 inches (61-183 cm) Color: Orange or brownish-yellow with red or brown blotches Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and abandoned buildings Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
20	Cottonmouth(Agkistrodon piscivorus)	Size: 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or black with dark bands Habitat: Swamps, marshes, rivers, and ponds Behaviour: Semi-aquatic, nocturnal, and aggressive when threatened
21	Dekay’s Brownsnake(Storeria dekayi)	Size: 9-15 inches (23-38 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark spots Habitat: Forests, grasslands, wetlands, and urban areas Behaviour: Terrestrial, nocturnal, and secretive
22	Desert Kingsnake(Lampropeltis splendida)	Size: 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) Color: Black or dark brown with yellow or white bands Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal, terrestrial, and secretive
23	Desert Massasauga(Sistrurus tergeminus edwardsii)	Size: 15-30 inches (38-76 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark brown blotches Habitat: Desert grasslands and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
24	Desert Striped Whipsnake(Masticophis taeniatus)	Size: 24-67 inches (60-170 cm) Color: Light gray or brown with dark stripes Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
25	Diamond-backed Water Snake(Nerodia rhombifer)	Size: 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) Color: Olive-green or brown with dark diamond patterns Habitat: Freshwater habitats, lakes, rivers, and swamps Behaviour: Diurnal, nocturnal, and good swimmer
26	Dusty Hognose Snake(Heterodon gloydi)	Size: 15-33 inches (38-84 cm) Color: Grayish-brown with dark blotches Habitat: Sandhills, grasslands, and prairies Behaviour: Diurnal, known for playing dead
27	Eastern coachwhip snake(Masticophis flagellum flagellum)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Variable, typically black to brown with light gray or tan underside Habitat: Various habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Active and diurnal, fast-moving
28	Eastern Hog-nosed Snake(Heterodon platirhinos)	Size: 20-33 inches (51-84 cm) Color: Highly variable, typically brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and sandy areas Behaviour: Diurnal, known for playing dead when threatened
29	Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer(Coluber constrictor flaviventris)	Size: 30-60 inches (76-152 cm) Color: Olive or blue-gray on top, bright yellow belly Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, and near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, fast-moving, and active
30	Flat-headed Snake(Tantilla gracilis)	Size: 7-12 inches (18-30 cm) Color: Brown or reddish-brown with black head and yellow neck band Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
31	Florida Water Snake(Nerodia fasciata pictiventris)	Size: 2-4 feet (0.6-1.2 meters) Color: Dark brown or black with lighter bands Habitat: Freshwater habitats like lakes, ponds, and marshes Behaviour: Aquatic, mostly nocturnal
32	Graham’s Crayfish Snake(Regina grahamii)	Size: 18-42 inches (46-107 cm) Color: Brown or olive-brown with dark spots Habitat: Wetlands, lakes, ponds, and slow-moving streams Behaviour: Aquatic, nocturnal, and secretive
33	Great Plains Snake(Pantherophis emoryi)	Size: 2-5 feet (61-152 cm) Color: Gray or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, forests, and semi-arid regions Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
34	Grey-banded Kingsnake(Lampropeltis alterna)	Size: 2-4 feet (61-122 cm) Color: Gray or brown with red or orange bands Habitat: Rocky habitats, desert scrub, and semi-arid regions Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
35	Ground Snake(Sonora semiannulata)	Size: 10-20 inches (25-51 cm) Color: Various colors, often brown or reddish with dark bands or blotches Habitat: Grasslands, deserts, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
36	Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake(Thamnophis proximus orarius)	Size: 20-30 inches (51-76 cm) Color: Black or dark brown with yellow or white stripes Habitat: Swamps, wetlands, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, fast-moving, and good swimmers
37	Gulf Crayfish Snake(Regina rigida sinicola)	Size: 15-30 inches (38-76 cm) Color: Brown or reddish-brown with dark bands Habitat: Wetlands, swamps, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
38	Gulf Salt Marsh Snake(Nerodia clarkii clarkii)	Size: 15-30 inches (38-76 cm) Color: Gray or brown with dark bands Habitat: Salt marshes, brackish water, and coastal areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
39	Kansas Glossy Snake(Arizona elegans elegans)	Size: 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) Color: Light brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and deserts Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
40	Louisiana Milksnake(Lampropeltis triangulum amaura)	Size: 14-24 inches (36-61 cm) Color: Alternating bands of red, black, and white Habitat: Pine forests, grasslands, and marshes Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
41	Louisiana Pine Snake(Pituophis ruthveni)	Size: 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) Color: Light gray or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Pine forests, sandy soils, and grasslands Behaviour: Diurnal and fossorial
42	Mexican Blackhead Snake(Tantilla atriceps)	Size: 6-10 inches (15-25 cm) Color: Black head and light-colored body Habitat: Semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and pine-oak forests Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
43	Mexican Hooknose Snake(Gyalopion canum)	Size: 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) Color: Gray or brown with dark spots or blotches Habitat: Semi-desert, grasslands, and thorn scrub Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
44	Mexican Milksnake(Lampropeltis annulata)	Size: 20-40 inches (50-100 cm) Color: Red, black, and yellow or white bands Habitat: Semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and forests Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
45	Mexican Racer(Coluber constrictor oaxaca)	Size: 20-60 inches (51-152 cm) Color: Olive, gray, or brown with a lighter underside Habitat: Semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and forests Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
46	Mississippi Green Water Snake(Nerodia cyclopion)	Size: 30-45 inches (76-114 cm) Color: Dark green or brownish with dark bands, yellowish belly Habitat: Swamps, marshes, and slow-moving rivers Behaviour: Nocturnal, semiaquatic
47	Mississippi Ringneck Snake(Diadophis punctatus stictogenys)	Size: 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) Color: Slate gray to black with a yellow to orange ring around the neck Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
48	Mojave Rattlesnake(Crotalus scutulatus)	Size: 24-54 inches (61-137 cm) Color: Light brown or greenish with diamond-shaped patterns Habitat: Desert, scrublands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, aggressive when threatened
49	Mottled Rock Rattlesnake(Crotalus lepidus lepidus)	Size: 16-30 inches (40-76 cm) Color: Gray or brown with dark bands and mottled pattern Habitat: Rocky habitats, including canyons and mountain slopes Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and well-camouflaged
50	Mountain Patch Nose Snake(Salvadora grahamiae)	Size: 18-44 inches (46-112 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark-edged light stripes Habitat: Desert, scrublands, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, fast-moving, and good climbers
51	Mud Snake(Farancia abacura)	Size: 30-81 inches (76-206 cm) Color: Black with red or pinkish-red crossbands Habitat: Swamps, marshes, and other wetland habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and semi-aquatic
52	New Mexico Blind Snake(Rena dissecta)	Size: 4-8.5 inches (10-22 cm) Color: Pink or light brown with a yellowish-white belly Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and pine-oak woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal, burrowing, and secretive
53	New Mexico Garter Snake(Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis)	Size: 18-43 inches (46-109 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or black with light stripes and dark spots Habitat: Near water sources, such as streams, ponds, and wetlands Behaviour: Diurnal, good swimmers, and semi-aquatic
54	New Mexico Milksnake(Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops)	Size: 14-36 inches (36-91 cm) Color: Red or orange bands with black borders, alternating with white or yellow bands Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
55	Northern Blacktail Rattlesnake(Crotalus molossus molossus)	Size: 24-42 inches (61-107 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands and a black tail Habitat: Mountainous habitats, pine-oak woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, terrestrial, and ambush predators
56	Northern Cat-eyed Snake(Leptodeira septentrionalis)	Size: 18-32 inches (46-81 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands or blotches Habitat: Tropical forests, grasslands, and wetlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
57	Northern Scarlet Snake(Cemophora coccinea copei)	Size: 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) Color: Red or orange with black-bordered white or yellow bands Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
58	Painted Desert Glossy Snake(Arizona elegans philipi)	Size: 24-54 inches (61-137 cm) Color: Tan or light brown with dark blotches outlined in white Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
59	Plain-bellied Watersnake(Nerodia erythrogaster)	Size: 24-40 inches (61-102 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or gray with a yellow, orange, or red unmarked belly Habitat: Rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands Behaviour: Semi-aquatic, diurnal, and good swimmers
60	Plains Black-headed Snake(Tantilla nigriceps)	Size: 7-15 inches (18-38 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with a black head Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
61	Plains Blind Snake(Leptotyphlops dulcis)	Size: 4.5-12 inches (11-30 cm) Color: Pink, light brown, or gray with a yellowish-white belly Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
62	Plains Garter Snake(Thamnophis radix)	Size: 16-28 inches (41-71 cm) Color: Brown or gray with yellow or orange stripes Habitat: Grasslands, wetlands, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, good swimmers, and semi-aquatic
63	Prairie Kingsnake(Lampropeltis calligaster)	Size: 30-42 inches (76-107 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, farmlands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
64	Prairie Rattlesnake(Crotalus viridis)	Size: 20-50 inches (51-127 cm) Color: Greenish or brownish with dark bands and a rattle on the tail Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal, terrestrial, and ambush predators
65	Prairie Ringneck Snake(Diadophis punctatus arnyi)	Size: 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) Color: Gray or olive with a yellow or orange ring around the neck Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
66	Red-Bellied Snake(Storeria occipitomaculata)	Size: 8-16 inches (20-41 cm) Color: Gray or brown with a red or orange belly Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and wetlands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and terrestrial
67	Redstripe Ribbon Snake(Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus)	Size: 20-30 inches (51-76 cm) Color: Black or brown with a red stripe down the back Habitat: Swamps, marshes, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, semi-aquatic, and good swimmers
68	Regal Ringneck Snake(Diadophis punctatus regalis)	Size: 10-24 inches (25-61 cm) Color: Dark gray or black with a yellow or orange ring around the neck Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
69	Rough Green Snake(Opheodrys aestivus)	Size: 22-32 inches (56-81 cm) Color: Bright green with a lighter belly Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, arboreal, and good climbers
70	Ruthven’s Whipsnake(Masticophis ruthveni)	Size: 50-80 inches (127-203 cm) Color: Gray or olive with dark markings on the back Habitat: Desert scrub and grasslands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
71	Salt Marsh Snake(Nerodia clarkii)	Size: 15-30 inches (38-76 cm) Color: Gray, brown, or olive with dark bands or blotches Habitat: Salt marshes, mangroves, and brackish water habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal, semi-aquatic, and good swimmers
72	Schott’s Whipsnake(Masticophis schotti)	Size: 40-60 inches (102-152 cm) Color: Gray, brown, or olive with dark markings on the back Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
73	Slowinski’s Corn Snake(Pantherophis slowinskii)	Size: 24-48 inches (61-122 cm) Color: Tan or brown with dark blotches and lighter centers Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
74	Smooth Earth Snake(Virginia valeriae)	Size: 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) Color: Brown or gray with a lighter belly Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
75	Smooth Green Snake(Opheodrys vernalis)	Size: 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) Color: Bright green with a lighter belly Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, and open woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and good climbers
76	Sonoran Gophersnake(Pituophis catenifer affinis)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Light brown or tan with dark brown or black blotches Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and good climbers
77	Southern Black Racer(Coluber constrictor priapus)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Black with a white or gray chin and throat Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
78	Southern Copperhead(Agkistrodon contortrix)	Size: Up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) Color: Reddish-brown or coppery with dark bands Habitat: Forests, swamps, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
79	Southwestern Blackhead Snake(Tantilla hobartsmithi)	Size: Up to 15 inches (38 cm) Color: Light brown or gray with a black head Habitat: Semi-arid habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and desert scrub Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive, burrowing in soil and leaf litter
80	Speckled Kingsnake(Lampropeltis holbrooki)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Tan or light brown with dark brown or black speckles Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
81	Speckled Racer(Drymobius margaritiferus)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Gray or brown with black speckles Habitat: Open grasslands and savannas Behaviour: Fast and agile, diurnal
82	Tan Racer(Coluber constrictor etheridgei)	Size: 30 to 60 inches Color: Solid tan Habitat: Prairies, grasslands, and open areas Behaviour: Diurnal, fast-moving and active during the day
83	Texas Brown Snake(Storeria dekayi texana)	Size: Up to 13 inches (33 cm) Color: Brown or gray with darker stripes down the back Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
84	Texas Coral Snake(Micrurus tener)	Size: Up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) Color: Red, black, and yellow bands Habitat: Woodlands, prairies, and deserts Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
85	Texas Garter Snake(Thamnophis sirtalis annectens)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Black or brown with yellow stripes Habitat: Aquatic or semi-aquatic habitats, such as streams, ponds, and wetlands Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
86	Texas Glossy Snake(Arizona elegans arenicola)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Creamy or yellowish-brown with dark brown or chocolate blotches Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
87	Texas Indigo Snake(Drymarchon melanurus erebennus)	Size: Up to 8.5 feet (2.6 meters) Color: Bluish-black with red or orange markings on the chin and throat Habitat: Various habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and river floodplains Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial, known for its docile nature
88	Texas Lined Snake(Leptotyphlops dulcis)	Size: Up to 12 inches (30.5 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with darker stripes Habitat: Grassy and moist habitats, including prairies, wetlands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive, spends most of the time underground
89	Texas Longnose Snake(Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus)	Size: Up to 40 inches (102 cm) Color: Red or orange with black and white bands Habitat: Semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
90	Texas Lyre Snake(Trimorphodon biscutatus)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Gray or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Rocky habitats, including canyons, hillsides, and outcrops Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
91	Texas Night Snake(Hypsiglena jani)	Size: Up to 30 inches (76 cm) Color: Light gray or beige with dark brown blotches Habitat: Desert, grassland, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
92	Texas Patchnose Snake(Salvadora grahamiae lineata)	Size: Up to 43 inches (110 cm) Color: Gray or tan with dark brown or black patches Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Diurnal and active mainly during the warmer months
93	Texas Rat Snake(Pantherophis obs- Pantherophis obsoletus)	Size: Up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) Color: Gray or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
94	Texas Scarlet Snake(Cemophora coccinea lineri)	Size: Up to 28 inches (70 cm) Color: Bright red with black and white bands or blotches Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and coastal plains with sandy or loamy soils Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive, spends most of the time underground
95	Timber Rattlesnake(Crotalus horridus)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Yellow, brown, gray, or black with dark bands Habitat: Forests, mixed woodlands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Solitary and ambush predator
96	Trans-Pecos Blind Snake(Leptotyphlops humilis)	Size: 7-12 inches (18-30 centimeters) Color: Pink or light brown Habitat: Desert and scrubland habitats, often found under rocks or in burrows Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
97	Trans-Pecos Rat Snake(Bogertophis subocularis)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Yellowish-brown with dark brown or black blotches Habitat: Deserts, rocky habitats, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
98	Valley garter snake(Thamnophis elegans vagrans)	Size: Up to 43 inches (109 cm) Color: Brown, green, or olive with three longitudinal stripes (yellow, blue, or white) Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and near streams or ponds Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
99	Western Coachwhip(Masticophis flagellum testaceus)	Size: Up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) Color: Variable colors, including tan, brown, pink, or gray Habitat: Desert, grassland, scrub, and woodland habitats Behaviour: Diurnal, fast-moving, and agile
100	Western Diamondback Rattlesnake(Crotalus atrox)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Gray-brown or pinkish-brown with diamond-shaped patterns Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
101	Western Hognose Snake(Heterodon nasicus)	Size: Up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters) Color: Brown or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and semi-arid environments Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial, known for its characteristic “hognose” and playing dead when threatened
102	Western Hooknose Snake(Gyalopion canum)	Size: Up to 25 inches (64 cm) Color: Light brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Desert habitats, rocky areas, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
103	Western Massasauga(Sistrurus tergeminus)	Size: 20 to 30 inches (51 to 76 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark brown blotches Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and marshy areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
104	Western Pygmy Rattlesnake(Sistrurus miliarius streckeri)	Size: Up to 24 inches (61 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
105	Western Ribbonsnake(Thamnophis proximus)	Size: 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) Color: Black or dark brown with three bright yellow or white stripes Habitat: Semi-aquatic habitats, wetlands, marshes, and grasslands near water Behaviour: Diurnal, swift, and good swimmer
106	Western Wormsnake(Carphophis vermis)	Size: Up to 14 inches (35.5 cm) Color: Brown to black on the back and pink or light brown on the belly Habitat: Deciduous forests, grasslands, and suburban areas with moist soil Behaviour: Secretive, nocturnal, and burrowing

106 Snakes You Can Find in Texas

In the state of Texas, a fascinating array of serpents can be found slithering through its diverse landscapes. From venomous to harmless, each species has its unique story to tell.Below, we’ll explore the wonders of these often misunderstood creatures of Texas, from their natural habitats and behaviors to the challenges they face in our changing world.

1. Arid Land Ribbon Snake

The Arid Land Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis proximus diabolicus) is a non-venomous snake that grows up to 30 inches (76 cm) long. It has an olive-green or brown coloration, adorned with yellowish stripes. Inhabitants of arid and semi-arid regions, these snakes reside near water sources due to their semi-aquatic and diurnal nature. Their diet consists mainly of amphibians, small fish, and invertebrates that roams in the state of Texas. The Arid Land Ribbon Snake is a live-bearing species, producing 3-26 offspring per litter. It is currently classified as “Least Concern” in conservation status.

2. Baird’s Rat Snake

Pantherophis bairdi, commonly known as Baird’s Rat Snake, is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. With colors ranging from gray, tan, or brown and featuring dark blotches, these snakes of Texas inhabit dry, rocky habitats like hillsides and canyons. They are nocturnal and terrestrial predators, feeding on rodents, birds, and eggs. Females lay eggs in clutches of 5-15, and the species has a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

3. Banded Rock Rattlesnake

The Banded Rock Rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus klauberi) is a venomous snake of Texas measuring 16-33 inches (40-84 cm) in length. These nocturnal reptiles exhibit a gray or blue-gray color with distinct dark bands on their scales. They inhabit rocky terrains such as canyons, cliffs, and slopes, feeding primarily on small mammals, lizards, and birds. As viviparous snakes, they give live birth to 2-8 offspring per litter. Though venomous, their bites are not highly dangerous to humans, and their conservation status is listed as Least Concern.

4. Big Bend Blackheaded Snake

The Big Bend Blackheaded Snake (Tantilla cucullata) is a small, non-venomous reptile, measuring 6-10 inches (15-25 cm) in length. It is characterized by its distinct black head, gray or brown body, and light-colored stripe on the neck. Primarily nocturnal and fossorial, this snake inhabits desert scrublands, grasslands, and rocky areas of Texas. Its diet consists of centipedes, spiders, and insects. Females lay eggs in clutches of 1-3. The species is listed as Least Concern in conservation status.

5. Big Bend Patchnose Snake

The Big Bend Patchnose Snake (Salvadora deserticola) is a non-venomous reptile, measuring 20-45 inches (51-114 cm) in length. This snake of Texas has a gray or brown coloration with a light-colored dorsal stripe, giving it effective camouflage in its desert scrubland, rocky and grassland habitats. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, its diet mainly consists of lizards, small mammals, and birds. Reproducing by laying egg clutches of 3-10, this species has a conservation status of Least Concern.

6. Black Rat Snake

Pantherophis obsoletus, commonly known as Black Rat Snake, can grow up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) long, with a black and dark-blotched coloring. These non-venomous reptiles inhabit forests, grasslands, and urban areas of Texas, showcasing diurnal and semi-arboreal behavior. Their diet consists of rodents, birds, and eggs. Female Black Rat Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 5-30 during the reproduction season. Although not endangered, these snakes play an important role in controlling rodent populations.

7. Black-striped Snake

The Black-striped Snake (Coniophanes imperialis) is a small nocturnal reptile measuring 12-28 inches (30-71 cm) in length, with a gray or brown coloration and a distinctive black stripe. It inhabits forests, grasslands, and scrublands, spending most of its time on the ground. It feeds on lizards, amphibians, and small mammals. Females lay egg clutches, usually containing 2-4 eggs. Though mildly venomous, with rear fangs, it poses no significant threat to humans. Its conservation status is listed as ‘Least Concern.’

8. Blackneck Garter Snake

The Blackneck Garter Snake (Thamnophis cyrtopsis) is a mildly venomous, diurnal, and semi-aquatic reptile measuring between 16-42 inches in length. Its olive-green or brown coloring features dark stripes and a distinctive black neck. Commonly found near water sources such as streams, rivers, and ponds of Texas, it primarily feeds on amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. As a live-bearing species, it produces 10-40 offspring per litter. Although rear-fanged, its venom is not dangerous to humans. Its conservation status is currently classified as Least Concern.

9. Blotched Water Snake

The Blotched Water Snake (Nerodia erythrogaster transversa) is a semi-aquatic, nocturnal reptile measuring 24-42 inches in length. Its brown or gray skin features dark blotches, and it thrives near various water sources such as lakes, ponds, and rivers. This non-venomous snake has a diverse diet, consisting mainly of fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. It reproduces through live-bearing and can give birth to 8-57 offspring per litter. Currently, the Blotched Water Snake holds a conservation status of Least Concern.

10. Brazos Water Snake

The Brazos Water Snake (Nerodia harteri) is a non-venomous, brown or gray reptile that grows between 16-32 inches in length. Recognizable by its dark bands, this nocturnal, semi-aquatic snake inhabits the Brazos River system, where it preys on fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Nerodia harteri is a live-bearing species, capable of producing 7-29 offspring per litter. Despite being a relatively common species in Texas, it is rated as “Least Concern” in terms of conservation.

11. Broad-banded Copperhead

The Broad-banded Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus) is a venomous snake, measuring 20-36 inches (51-91 cm) in length. It exhibits a coppery-brown color with dark bands, and inhabits forests, grasslands, and rocky terrains. As a nocturnal and terrestrial species, its diet primarily consists of rodents, birds, and amphibians. The snake is viviparous, giving birth to 3-10 offspring per litter. Its venom is hemotoxic, and despite its potential danger to humans, it has a conservation status of Least Concern.

12. Broad-banded Water Snake

The Broad-banded Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata confluens) is a non-venomous aquatic snake inhabiting lakes, ponds, streams, and swamps. Measuring 24-42 inches (61-106 cm) in length, its color ranges from brown to gray with dark bands. Being diurnal and semi-aquatic, its diet consists of fish and amphibians. This viviparous species has 8-58 offspring per litter with a conservation status of Least Concern.

13. Bullsnake

The Bullsnake (Pituophis catenifer sayi), a non-venomous constrictor, measures 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) and exhibits a brown or yellowish color with dark blotches. Found in grasslands, deserts, woodlands, and agricultural areas, these diurnal and terrestrial snakes primarily feed on rodents, rabbits, ground-nesting birds, and eggs. During the reproduction, the female Bullsnake lays egg clutches ranging from 5-22. With a conservation status listed as “Least Concern”, the Bullsnake is not currently under threat in Texas.

14. Buttermilk Racer

The Buttermilk Racer (Coluber constrictor anthicus) is a non-venomous snake species that ranges in size from 20-65 inches (51-165 cm) and features a gray or brown color with cream-colored speckles. Found inhabiting woodlands, prairies, and grasslands of Texas, this diurnal and terrestrial snake preys on rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, and insects. It reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 3-12. Listed as a species of Least Concern, Buttermilk Racers remain relatively common within their preferred habitats.

15. Central Plains Milksnake

Its scientific name is Lampropeltis gentilis. These cool creatures are between 16-32 inches long and have a stunning reddish-brown color with alternating light and dark bands. They love hanging out in prairies, woodlands, and rocky hillsides. As night owls, they’re nocturnal and terrestrial. They snack on small mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. When it comes to family, they lay eggs in clutches of 3-13. Don’t worry, they’re non-venomous, and their conservation status is “Least Concern.”

16. Central Texas Whipsnake

This one is a fascinating reptile with a scientific name of Masticophis taeniatus. These non-venomous creatures are pretty long, ranging from 30 to 72 inches, and have an olive to brown color with dark brown or black crossbars. They love hanging out in woodlands, grasslands, and rocky hillsides, and are active during the day. They’re even known to climb trees! Their diet mainly consists of lizards, small mammals, birds, and amphibians. Their conservation status is of least concern, and they reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 4 to 12.

17. Checkered Garter Snake

Introducing the Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus), a stunning serpent dressed in olive, brown, or black with an eye-catching checkered pattern. This slithering beauty, measuring 18-42 inches (46-106 cm), loves to hang out near water sources, grasslands, and woodlands. As a diurnal and semi-aquatic creature, it feasts on earthworms, amphibians, and small fish. Fear not, as their mildly venomous bite is harmless to humans. These live-bearing reptiles can produce 5-40 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

18. Concho Water Snake

The Concho Water Snake (Nerodia harteri paucimaculata) is an aquatic reptile characterized by its light gray to greenish-brown coloration and distinctive dark blotches. Measuring 16-32 inches in length, these non-venomous snakes thrive in clear, flowing rivers and streams. Their diet consists primarily of fish and amphibians. Active during both day and night, they are live-bearing and can produce 7-29 offspring per litter. Although considered near threatened, this unique and fascinating species continues to populate its native habitats.

19. Corn Snake

The Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is a non-venomous North American species, ranging from 24-72 inches in length. Their striking coloration consists of an orange or brownish-yellow base with red or brown blotches. Inhabiting woodlands, grasslands, and abandoned buildings, these nocturnal and terrestrial creatures feed primarily on rodents, birds, and eggs. Corn Snakes reproduce by laying egg clutches of 10-30, and have a conservation status of Least Concern.

20. Cottonmouth

The Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus), also known as Water Moccasin, is a venomous snake measuring 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) in length. It features an olive, brown, or black coloration with dark bands. These semi-aquatic, nocturnal reptiles inhabit swamps, marshes, rivers, and ponds. Notably aggressive when threatened, their diet consists of fish, amphibians, rodents, birds, and other reptiles. Cottonmouths give birth to live young (ovoviviparous), producing 1-16 offspring. Their venom is hemotoxic, but their conservation status remains of least concern.

21. Dekay’s Brownsnake

Storeria dekayi, commonly known as Dekay’s Brown Snake, is a small, non-venomous reptile, measuring 9-15 inches (23-38 cm) in length. Its brown or gray body features dark spots, and it inhabits forests, grasslands, wetlands, and urban areas. Exhibiting terrestrial, nocturnal, and secretive behavior, its diet consists primarily of earthworms, slugs, and other soft-bodied invertebrates. A fascinating ovoviviparous species, Dekayís Brown Snake gives birth to live young, bearing 3-40 offspring. Its current conservation status is classified as least concern.

22. Desert Kingsnake

The Desert Kingsnake (Lampropeltis splendida) is a non-venomous reptile, typically measuring 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) in length. It has a striking appearance with black or dark brown scales, adorned with yellow or white bands. These nocturnal, terrestrial snakes inhabit deserts, grasslands, and scrublands, often remaining secretive. They primarily feast on rodents, birds, eggs, and other reptiles. Desert Kingsnakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 3-13. Currently, their conservation status is not evaluated on the IUCN Red List.

23. Desert Massasauga

The Desert Massasauga (Sistrurus tergeminus edwardsii) is a small, venomous rattlesnake measuring 15-30 inches (38-76 cm) in length. It has a gray or light brown coloration with dark brown blotches, and primarily resides in desert grasslands and scrublands. These nocturnal, terrestrial creatures feed on small mammals, lizards, and other reptiles. They reproduce by giving birth to live young, with litters consisting of 3-8 offspring. Though venomous, they pose little danger to humans and are listed as a species of least concern.

24. Desert Striped Whipsnake

The Desert Striped Whipsnake (Masticophis taeniatus) is a slender, non-venomous snake measuring 24-67 inches in length, with a light gray or brown color and distinct dark stripes. It inhabits deserts, grasslands, and woodlands of Texas and is notable for its diurnal and semi-arboreal behavior. The whipsnake primarily feeds on lizards, small mammals, and birds. In terms of reproduction, females lay eggs in clutches of 3-12. Currently, the species holds a conservation status of Least Concern.

25. Diamond-backed Water Snake

The Diamond-backed Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) in length. Its olive-green or brown skin features dark diamond patterns, providing excellent camouflage in its freshwater habitat which includes lakes, rivers, and swamps. As a diurnal and nocturnal creature, this adept swimmer mainly feeds on fish, amphibians, and small reptiles. The species reproduces through live birth, with each litter consisting of 13-60 young. Currently, it holds a conservation status of Least Concern.

26. Dusty Hognose Snake

The Dusty Hognose Snake (Heterodon gloydi) is a grayish-brown reptile measuring 15-33 inches (38-84 cm) in length, featuring dark blotches on its skin. Inhabiting sandhills, grasslands, and prairies, this diurnal snake is known for playing dead as a defense mechanism. Its diet consists of toads, frogs, and small reptiles. The Dusty Hognose Snake reproduces by laying eggs with 4-23 per clutch. Possessing mild venom with rear fangs, this species is harmless to humans. Although there is insufficient data about its conservation status, it is likely of least concern.

27. Eastern coachwhip snake

The Eastern Coachwhip Snake (Masticophis flagellum flagellum) is a non-venomous, fast-moving reptile that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. Exhibiting a variable coloration, it typically appears as black to brown with a light gray or tan underside. This diurnal snake can be found in diverse habitats such as woodlands, grasslands, and scrublands. Its diet consists of lizards, rodents, birds, frogs, and insects. Reproducing by laying clutches of 5-16 eggs, the Eastern Coachwhip’s conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

28. Eastern Hog-nosed Snake

The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) is a moderately-sized serpent, reaching lengths of 20-33 inches (51-84 cm). Its coloration is highly variable, typically exhibiting brown or gray hues with dark blotches. Inhabiting woodlands, grasslands, and sandy areas, this diurnal snake is known for playing dead when threatened. Its diet mainly consists of toads, along with other amphibians and small mammals. It reproduces by laying 4-60 eggs per clutch, has mild venom harmless to humans, and is classified as of “Least Concern” in conservation efforts.

29. Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer

The Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer (Coluber constrictor flaviventris) is a medium-sized snake that typically measures 30-60 inches (76-152 cm) in length. It exhibits an olive or blue-gray color on its back and a vibrant yellow belly. Found in grasslands, woodlands, and near water sources, this non-venomous snake is known for its diurnal, fast-moving, and active behavior. Its diet consists of rodents, frogs, lizards, and birds. Reproduction involves laying eggs, with 6-20 per clutch. Its conservation status is presently of least concern.

30. Flat-headed Snake

The Flat-headed Snake (Tantilla gracilis) is a small, non-venomous reptile measuring 7-12 inches in length. It sports a brown or reddish-brown body with a distinct black head and a yellow neck band. Native to grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas, this nocturnal and secretive snake primarily feeds on centipedes and other small invertebrates. Flat-headed snakes reproduce by laying eggs, with each clutch consisting of 1-3 eggs. Currently, their conservation status is classified as least concern.

31. Florida Water Snake

The Florida Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata pictiventris) is a non-venomous, aquatic snake that thrives in freshwater habitats such as lakes, marshes, and ponds. It is easily identified by its dark brown or black coloring and contrasting lighter bands. This species typically measures between 2-4 feet (0.6-1.2 meters) in length and feeds primarily on fish, frogs, and tadpoles. Known for its nocturnal behavior, the Florida Water Snake reproduces through live-bearing, producing 10-40 offspring per litter. This species has a conservation status of least concern.

32. Graham’s Crayfish Snake

Regina grahamii, commonly known as Graham’s Crayfish Snake, is a non-venomous aquatic species that measures between 18-42 inches in length. Its brown or olive-brown coloration is marked with dark spots. This nocturnal and secretive snake inhabits wetlands, lakes, ponds, and slow-moving streams. Its primary diet consists of crayfish, supplemented by small fish and amphibians. The snake lays eggs in clutches of 5-25, and its conservation status is currently classified as “least concern.”

33. Great Plains Snake

The Great Plains Rat Snake (Pantherophis emoryi) is a medium-sized reptile measuring 2-5 feet (61-152 cm) in length. Displaying a gray or tan color with dark blotches, it inhabits grasslands, forests, and semi-arid regions. This nocturnal, terrestrial creature mainly feeds on rodents, birds, and eggs. The non-venomous snake reproduces by laying clutches of 5-20 eggs. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” it does not currently face significant threats to its population.

34. Grey-banded Kingsnake

The Grey-banded Kingsnake (Lampropeltis alterna) is a nocturnal, terrestrial snake measuring 2-4 feet (61-122 cm) in length. Its distinctive gray or brown coloration features red or orange bands, making it easily identifiable. This non-venomous snake inhabits rocky terrains, desert scrub, and semi-arid regions, where it feasts on rodents, lizards, and other snakes. Reproducing by laying clutches of 3-13 eggs, its conservation status remains unassessed, though the population is believed to be generally stable.

35. Ground Snake

Ground Snake (Sonora semiannulata) is a small, non-venomous reptile ranging from 10-20 inches (25-51 cm) in length. Exhibiting various shades of brown or reddish colors, with dark bands or blotches, this elusive species inhabits grasslands, deserts, and woodlands. Nocturnal and secretive, the Ground Snake primarily feeds on insects, spiders, and small arthropods. Mating season yields clutches of 2-7 eggs, and despite their deceptive appearance, these snakes pose no threat to humans, with their conservation status listed as Least Concern.

36. Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake

The Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake, scientifically known as Thamnophis proximits orarius, is a non-venomous reptile measuring 20-30 inches (51-76 cm) in length. Its color ranges from black to dark brown, featuring yellow or white stripes. These diurnal, fast-moving snakes can be found in swamps, wetlands, and areas near water sources, where they showcase excellent swimming abilities. Their diet primarily consists of amphibians, small fish, and invertebrates. As live-bearing snakes, they produce 3-26 young per litter. The Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake is currently classified as being of Least Concern in terms of conservation status.

37. Gulf Crayfish Snake

Meet the fascinating Gulf Crayfish Snake (Regina rigida sinicola), a charming 15-30 inch (38-76 cm) long reptile adorned in brown or reddish-brown hues with dark bands. These nocturnal and semi-aquatic creatures thrive in wetlands, swamps, and areas near water sources. With a preference for crayfish and other aquatic invertebrates, these non-venomous snakes keep their ecosystem in balance. The Gulf Crayfish Snake gives live birth, producing 3-16 young per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

38. Gulf Salt Marsh Snake

The Gulf Salt Marsh Snake (Nerodia clarkii clarkii) is a non-venomous reptile that grows between 15-30 inches in length, featuring a gray or brown color with dark bands. Primarily living in salt marshes, brackish water, and coastal areas, this semi-aquatic, nocturnal species feeds on fish and crustaceans. As a live-bearing species, it can produce 3-15 young per litter. Though it’s non-venomous, it may still produce a mild irritant when threatened. Currently, it has a conservation status of “Least Concern”.

39. Kansas Glossy Snake

The Kansas Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans elegans) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) in length. It exhibits a light brown or gray coloration, adorned with dark blotches. Primarily inhabiting grasslands, prairies, and deserts, this nocturnal and terrestrial species feeds on rodents, lizards, and birds. Female Kansas Glossy Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 4-12. Currently, their conservation status is categorized as “Least Concern.”

40. Louisiana Milksnake

The Louisiana Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum amaura) is a non-venomous colubrid snake found in pine forests, grasslands, and marshes, featuring striking red, black, and white bands. Measuring 14-24 inches (36-61 cm) in length, these nocturnal and terrestrial snakes primarily feed on rodents, lizards, and bird eggs. Females lay eggs in clutches of 3-10 offspring. Currently, the Louisiana Milksnake’s conservation status is classified as “Least Concern” due to their stable population levels in the wild.

41. Louisiana Pine Snake

The Louisiana Pine Snake (Pituophis ruthveni) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters) in length. It has a light gray or tan coloration with distinctive dark blotches. Its habitat primarily consists of pine forests, sandy soils, and grasslands. This diurnal and fossorial snake feeds mainly on rodents, specifically pocket gophers. Female Louisiana Pine Snakes reproduce by laying clutches of 3-5 eggs. Listed as a Vulnerable species, this snake faces conservation challenges.

42. Mexican Blackhead Snake

The Mexican Blackhead Snake (Tantilla atriceps) is a small, non-venomous species measuring 6-10 inches (15-25cm) in length, distinguished by its black head and light-colored body. This secretive nocturnal reptile inhabits semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and pine-oak forests, feeding primarily on invertebrates such as centipedes. The oviparous Mexican Blackhead Snake reproduces by laying eggs, and while its conservation status remains unevaluated, it plays a crucial role in controlling invertebrate populations within its ecosystem.

43. Mexican Hooknose Snake

The Mexican Hooknose Snake (Gyalopion canum) is a small nocturnal reptile, measuring 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) in length. Its gray or brown coloration features dark spots or blotches, which provide camouflage in its semi-desert, grassland, and thorn scrub habitats. As a fossorial species, it mainly burrows underground and emerges at night to feed on invertebrates, particularly spiders and scorpions. The oviparous snake lays eggs and is non-venomous. Its conservation status is listed as “least concern.”

44. Mexican Milksnake

The Mexican Milksnake (Lampropeltis annulata) is a non-venomous snake, measuring 20-40 inches (50-100 cm) in length, native to semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and forests. Its striking red, black, and yellow or white bands make it easily identifiable. As a nocturnal and terrestrial species, the Mexican Milksnake feeds on rodents, birds, lizards, and other snakes. It reproduces oviparously, laying eggs in suitable environments. Their conservation status is currently classified as “Least Concern.”

45. Mexican Racer

The Mexican Racer (Coluber constrictor oaxaca) is a non-venomous snake measuring 20-60 inches (51-152 cm) in length. It boasts an olive, gray, or brown coloration with a lighter underside, residing in semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and forests. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, it actively hunts during the day, feeding on rodents, birds, lizards, amphibians, and insects. Being oviparous, the Mexican Racer lays eggs for reproduction. Its conservation status remains unevaluated, but the species is likely of least concern.

46. Mississippi Green Water Snake

The Mississippi Green Water Snake (Nerodia cyclopion) is a non-venomous, nocturnal, semiaquatic species measuring 30-45 inches in length. Sporting a dark green or brownish color with dark bands and a yellowish belly, this snake thrives in swamps, marshes, and slow-moving rivers. Its diet consists of fish, amphibians, and other aquatic animals. As a live-bearing (viviparous) reptile, it is classified as Least Concern in terms of conservation status.

47. Mississippi Ringneck Snake

The Mississippi Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus stictogenys) is a small, nocturnal reptile measuring 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) in length. Its slate gray to black body features a distinctive yellow to orange neck ring. Favoring forests, woodlands, and grasslands, this secretive, burrow-dwelling snake primarily feeds on earthworms, slugs, small salamanders, and insects. Though it possesses weak venom, it poses no danger to humans. Mississippi Ringneck Snakes lay 3-10 eggs per clutch and are listed as a species of least concern for conservation.

48. Mojave Rattlesnake

The Mojave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus) is a highly venomous snake native to desert, scrublands, and grasslands of America. Measuring 24-54 inches (61-137 cm) in length, it boasts a light brown or greenish color with distinct diamond-shaped patterns. This nocturnal species feeds on small mammals, birds, and reptiles, and displays aggressive behavior when threatened. Mojave Rattlesnakes are live-bearing, producing 2-17 offspring per litter. Their potent venom contains both neurotoxic and hemotoxic components. Despite their deadly reputation, their conservation status is of least concern.

49. Mottled Rock Rattlesnake

The Mottled Rock Rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus lepidus) is a small, nocturnal snake, measuring 16-30 inches (40-76 cm) in length. Its gray or brown coloration, adorned with dark bands and a mottled pattern, enables it to blend seamlessly into its rocky habitats such as canyons and mountain slopes. Despite its venomous nature, its low venom yield prevents it from being a significant threat to humans. The species feeds on small mammals, birds, lizards, and amphibians, and is a live-bearing snake with 2-12 offspring per litter. Its conservation status is listed as ‘Least Concern.’

50. Mountain Patch Nose Snake

The Mountain Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora grahamiae) is a medium-sized, non-venomous reptile commonly found in desert, scrublands, grasslands, and woodlands. Measuring 18-44 inches (46-112 cm), these snakes display a mix of brown or gray colors with dark-edged light stripes. Being diurnal and fast-moving, they are also exceptional climbers, enabling them to consume a diet of lizards, small mammals, reptiles, and birds. They reproduce by laying clutches of 3-7 eggs, and their conservation status is currently listed as Least Concern.

51. Mud Snake

The Mud Snake (Farancia abacura) is a non-venomous, semi-aquatic reptile found in wetland habitats such as swamps and marshes. Measuring between 30-81 inches (76-206 cm) long, it has a striking black color with red or pinkish-red crossbands. As a nocturnal and secretive species, it primarily feeds on amphibians like sirens and amphiumas. Female Mud Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 4-104, and the species’ conservation status is presently considered to be of least concern.

52. New Mexico Blind Snake

Introducing the New Mexico Blind Snake (Rena dissecta), a unique, small reptile measuring 4-8.5 inches (10-22 cm) in length. Its body is colored pink or light brown with a yellowish-white belly, allowing it to blend into desert scrub, grasslands, and pine-oak woodlands of Texas. Naturally nocturnal, this burrowing, secretive snake feeds on ant and termite larvae. Rena dissecta couples lay their eggs in small clutches, producing non-venomous offspring. Currently, its conservation status is labeled as the least concern.

53. New Mexico Garter Snake

The New Mexico Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis) is a non-venomous, 18-43 inch (46-109 cm) long reptile featuring olive, brown, or black scaled skin with light stripes and dark spots. Inhabiting areas near water sources, like streams, ponds, and wetlands, these diurnal, semi-aquatic snakes are good swimmers. They feed on fish, amphibians, and invertebrates, while reproducing by live-bearing, with 10-40 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is classified as least concern.

54. New Mexico Milksnake

The New Mexico Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops) is a non-venomous snake measuring between 14-36 inches in length. It features vibrant red or orange bands with black borders, alternated with white or yellow bands. These snakes primarily inhabit deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. As nocturnal and terrestrial creatures, they prey on small mammals, birds, lizards, and other snakes. Reproducing through egg-laying, they produce clutches of 3-24 eggs at a time. The species is currently classified as least concern in conservation status.

55. Northern Blacktail Rattlesnake

The Northern Blacktail Rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus molossus) is a moderately-sized venomous snake, ranging from 24-42 inches (61-107 cm) in length. It displays a distinct brown or gray coloration, featuring dark bands and a black tail. Inhabiting mountainous regions, pine-oak woodlands, and grasslands, this nocturnal rattlesnake acts as an ambush predator, hunting small mammals, birds, and lizards. Northern Blacktails are live-bearing, producing 3-12 offspring per litter. Although venomous, they pose minimal danger to humans and have a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

56. Northern Cat-eyed Snake

Northern Cat-eyed Snake (Leptodeira septentrionalis) is a mildly venomous, rear-fanged species that is not dangerous to humans. Measuring 18-32 inches (46-81 cm) long, these Texas dwellers have a distinct brown or gray color adorned with dark bands or blotches. These nocturnal and terrestrial creatures primarily inhabit tropical forests, grasslands, and wetlands, where they feed on frogs, lizards, and small mammals. As live-bearing reptiles, they produce 3-13 offspring per litter. Their conservation status is classified as least concern.

57. Northern Scarlet Snake

The Northern Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea copei) is a non-venomous, nocturnal reptile, measuring 14-20 inches (36-51 cm). Their vibrant red or orange color is highlighted by black-bordered white or yellow bands. Inhabiting forests, woodlands, and grasslands, they are known for their burrowing behavior. The diet of this species comprises reptile eggs, lizards, and small snakes. Female Northern Scarlet Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 3-9, and their conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

58. Painted Desert Glossy Snake

The Painted Desert Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans philipi) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 24-54 inches in length. It displays a tan or light brown coloring, adorned with dark blotches outlined in white. Commonly found in deserts, grasslands, and scrublands, this nocturnal and burrowing snake preys on small mammals, birds, lizards, and other snakes. Its reproductive process involves laying eggs in clutches of 3-12. Currently, the Painted Desert Glossy Snake is of least concern in conservation status.

59. Plain-bellied Watersnake

The Plain-bellied Watersnake (Nerodia erythrogaster) is a semi-aquatic, non-venomous snake measuring 24-40 inches (61-102 cm) in length. It features an olive, brown, or gray coloration with a distinct yellow, orange, or red unmarked belly. As adept swimmers, they inhabit rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands, with diurnal behavior. Their diet primarily consists of fish, frogs, and other amphibians. These snakes are live-bearing, producing 5-29 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

60. Plains Black-headed Snake

The Plains Black-headed Snake (Tantilla nigriceps) is a small, non-venomous reptile, measuring 7-15 inches (18-38 cm) in length. It is characterized by its gray or light brown coloration and distinctive black head. This nocturnal and burrowing snake inhabits desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands, where it primarily feeds on insects, centipedes, and spiders. Reproduction involves laying eggs in small clutches. Despite its unique appearance, it is currently classified as a species of least concern in terms of conservation.

61. Plains Blind Snake

The Plains Blind Snake (Leptotyphlops dulcis) is a small, non-venomous reptile measuring 4.5-12 inches in length. Sporting a pink, light brown, or gray color, it has a distinctive yellowish-white belly. This nocturnal species inhabits desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands, primarily burrowing underground. Its diet exclusively consists of ant and termite larvae. The Plains Blind Snake reproduces by laying eggs in small clutches. Currently, its conservation status is classified as least concern.

62. Plains Garter Snake

The Plains Garter Snake (Thamnophis radix) is a non-venomous reptile characterized by its brown or gray color with yellow or orange stripes. Typically measuring 16-28 inches (41-71 cm) in length, it thrives in grasslands, wetlands, and areas near water sources. These diurnal, semi-aquatic snakes are known for their swimming prowess. They feed primarily on earthworms, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. Mating results in live births, producing 6-80 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

63. Prairie Kingsnake

The Prairie Kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster) is a non-venomous reptile that measures 30-42 inches (76-107cm) in length. It has a gray or light brown color, adorned with dark blotches. Commonly found in grasslands, farmlands, and woodlands, Prairie Kingsnakes are terrestrial and nocturnal by nature. Their diet includes rodents, birds, lizards, and amphibians. During reproduction, they lay clutches containing 5-17 eggs. Currently, the Prairie Kingsnake’s conservation status is listed as least concern.

64. Prairie Rattlesnake

The Prairie Rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis) is a venomous snake inhabiting prairies, grasslands, and scrublands. Typically measuring 20-50 inches (51-127 cm) in length, it features a greenish or brownish coloration with dark bands and a distinctive rattle on its tail. As nocturnal, terrestrial, and ambush predators, they mainly feed on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. These live-bearing snakes, with 4-21 offspring per litter, pose a potential danger to humans though their venom is usually not fatal. Currently, they hold a conservation status of Least Concern.

65. Prairie Ringneck Snake

The Prairie Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus arnyi) is a small reptile measuring 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) in length, characterized by its gray or olive coloring and distinctive yellow or orange ring around its neck. These snakes are native to prairies, grasslands, and woodlands, leading a predominantly nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling lifestyle. Their diet consists of earthworms, slugs, small salamanders, and insects. They lay eggs in clutches of 3-10 and possess weak venom which poses no threat to humans. Currently, their conservation status is listed as “least concern.”

66. Red-Bellied Snake

The Red-Bellied Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 8-16 inches (20-41 cm) in length. They are gray or brown with a distinctive red or orange belly. Mostly found in forests, woodlands, and wetlands of Texas, these nocturnal and secretive creatures primarily feed on slugs, snails, and earthworms. As live-bearing reptiles, they produce 4-21 offspring in each litter. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” this terrestrial snake presents no significant threat to humans.

67. Redstripe Ribbon Snake

The Redstripe Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 20-30 inches in length. Sporting a black or brown base color with a red stripe down its back, it thrives in swamps, marshes, and areas near water sources. As a diurnal, semi-aquatic species, it is an excellent swimmer, feasting on a diet of frogs, tadpoles, and fish. This live-bearing snake can produce 3-26 offspring per litter. Currently, its conservation status is listed as least concern.

68. Regal Ringneck Snake

The Regal Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus regalis) is a 10-24 inches long snake characterized by its dark gray/black color and distinctive yellow or orange neck ring. Preferring woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral habitats, this nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling creature feeds on earthworms, slugs, small salamanders, and insects. Reproduction involves laying egg clutches of 3-10. Despite possessing weak venom, it poses no danger to humans. Its conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

69. Rough Green Snake

The Rough Green Snake (Opheodrys aestivus) is a vibrant, non-venomous reptile that measures between 22-32 inches (56-81 cm) in length. Its dazzling bright green coloration is accentuated by a lighter belly, making it well-camouflaged in its preferred habitats of forests, grasslands, and areas near water sources. Known for their diurnal, arboreal behavior, these skillful climbers of Texas primarily consume insects and spiders. Rough Green Snakes reproduce by laying clutches of 3-12 eggs, and their conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

70. Ruthven’s Whipsnake

Ruthven’s Whipsnake (Masticophis ruthveni) is a large, fast-moving reptile measuring 50-80 inches (127-203 cm) in length. Sporting a gray or olive color with dark markings on its back, the non-venomous snake inhabits desert scrub and grassland environments. Primarily diurnal, its diet consists of lizards, small mammals, birds, and amphibians. Ruthven’s Whipsnake reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 4-12, and currently holds a conservation status of least concern.

71. Salt Marsh Snake

The Salt Marsh Snake (Nerodia clarkii) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 15-30 inches in length. It exhibits a gray, brown, or olive color with dark bands or blotches across its body. As its name suggests, this snake primarily inhabits salt marshes, mangroves, and brackish water environments. As a nocturnal, semi-aquatic species, it is an excellent swimmer, preying chiefly on fish and small crustaceans. The Salt Marsh Snake is live-bearing, producing 3-10 offspring per litter, and currently holds a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

72. Schott’s Whipsnake

Schott’s Whipsnake (Masticophis schotti) is a fast-moving, diurnal reptile measuring 40-60 inches (102-152 cm) in length. Its coloration ranges from gray, brown, or olive with dark markings on its back. Inhabiting desert scrub, grasslands, and woodlands, this non-venomous snake preys on lizards, small mammals, birds, and amphibians. Schott’s Whipsnake reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 4-12, and is currently of least concern in conservation status.

73. Slowinski’s Corn Snake

Slowinski’s Corn Snake (Pantherophis slowinskii) is a medium-sized, non-venomous reptile, with a length of 24-48 inches (61-122 cm). Their color varies from tan to brown, adorned with dark blotches and lighter centers. These nocturnal creatures inhabit forests, woodlands, and grasslands, prowling the ground in search of rodents, birds, and amphibians. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 10-30. Thankfully, this species is not currently at risk, with a conservation status of Least Concern.

74. Smooth Earth Snake

The Smooth Earth Snake (Virginia valeriae) is a small, non-venomous reptile measuring 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) in length. It has a brown or gray coloration, with a lighter belly, and inhabits forests, woodlands, and grasslands. This secretive, nocturnal snake is known for burrow-dwelling and primarily feasts on earthworms, slugs, and insects. The species is live-bearing, producing 3-10 offspring per litter. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” the Smooth Earth Snake population remains relatively stable.

75. Smooth Green Snake

The Smooth Green Snake (Opheodrys vernalis) measures 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) and is characterized by its vibrant green color and lighter belly. Commonly found in grasslands, meadows, and open woodlands, this diurnal and terrestrial reptile is an adept climber. Its diet mainly consists of insects and spiders. In terms of reproduction, they lay eggs in clutches of 3-12. Though non-venomous, these snakes should be admired from afar. Fortunately, their conservation status is currently listed as ‘Least Concern.’

76. Sonoran Gophersnake

The Sonoran Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer affinis) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) in length. With a light brown or tan base color and dark brown or black blotches, this snake is easily recognizable. Found in deserts, grasslands, and woodlands, it is diurnal, terrestrial, and skilled at climbing. Its diet consists mainly of rodents, birds, and eggs. During reproduction, females lay clutches of 3-12 eggs. Thankfully, the species is listed under “Least Concern” in terms of conservation status.

77. Southern Black Racer

The Southern Black Racer (Coluber constrictor priapus) is a striking, non-venomous snake averaging around 6 feet in length. Its sleek, black body contrasts with a white or gray chin and throat, allowing it to blend into various habitats like forests, grasslands, and urban areas. These diurnal, swift reptiles feed on rodents, frogs, lizards, birds, and insects. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 10-30, contributing to their conservation status of least concern.

78. Southern Copperhead

The Southern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) is a venomous snake species found in forests, swamps, and grasslands. Measuring up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) in length, this snake has a reddish-brown or coppery color with distinct dark bands. As a nocturnal and terrestrial creature, its diet consists of small mammals, birds, frogs, and insects. The Southern Copperhead is live-bearing, producing 1-14 offspring per litter. While its venom is rarely fatal to humans, it is a species of least concern in terms of conservation.

79. Southwestern Blackhead Snake

The Southwestern Blackhead Snake (Tantilla hobartsmithi) is a small, non-venomous snake that grows up to 15 inches (38 cm) in length. Its distinctive appearance features a light brown or gray body with a black head. Inhabiting semi-arid habitats like grasslands, woodlands, and desert scrub, this nocturnal creature is secretive and coverts, burrowing in soil and leaf litter. It feeds on invertebrates such as centipedes, spiders, and insect larvae. Southwestern Blackhead Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 1-4, and maintain a conservation status of least concern.

80. Speckled Kingsnake

The Speckled Kingsnake (Lampropeltis holbrooki) is a non-venomous reptile that grows up to 4 feet in length. Sporting a tan or light brown color with dark brown or black speckles, this snake dwells in forests, grasslands, and scrublands. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, it preys on small mammals, birds, and reptiles during the day. Speckled Kingsnakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 4-12, and are currently categorized as least concern in terms of conservation status.

81. Speckled Racer

The Speckled Racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) is an agile, non-venomous snake, measuring up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length. Its gray or brown scales exhibit black speckles, allowing it to blend seamlessly into its natural environment of open grasslands and savannas. Diurnal by nature, the Speckled Racer thrives on a varied diet of small mammals, lizards, and birds. During reproduction, this species lays clutches of 4-10 eggs. Despite facing potential threats, their conservation status is considered to be of least concern.

82. Tan Racer

The Tan Racer (Coluber constrictor etheridgei) is a non-venomous snake measuring 30 to 60 inches long, identifiable by its solid tan color. It thrives in prairies, grasslands, and open areas, exhibiting diurnal behavior with fast-moving and daytime activity. This lively reptile feeds on small rodents, birds, and lizards. Female Tan Racers reproduce by laying eggs in clutches containing 3 to 14 eggs. Listed as a species of “Least Concern” by conservationists, the Tan Racer remains relatively safe from threats.

83. Texas Brown Snake

The Texas Brown Snake (Storeria dekayi texana) is a small, non-venomous reptile that grows up to 13 inches (33 cm) in length. Its brown or gray body features darker stripes along the back, creating a subtle pattern. Found across a range of habitats like forests, grasslands, and urban areas, this nocturnal snake remains primarily on the ground. Its diet consists of insects, slugs, and earthworms. Texas Brown Snakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 3-20. Their conservation status is listed as least concern.

84. Texas Coral Snake

The Texas Coral Snake (Micrurus tener) is a brilliantly colored, venomous reptile known for its vibrant red, black, and yellow bands. Growing up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) long, they inhabit woodlands, prairies, and deserts. As a nocturnal and secretive species, they primarily feed on small reptiles and amphibians. Reproducing via egg-laying, they produce clutches of 3-10 eggs. Although highly venomous, their conservation status is listed as “least concern.”

85. Texas Garter Snake

The Texas Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis annectens) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length. It exhibits black or brown coloration with distinctive yellow stripes. Inhabiting aquatic or semi-aquatic environments such as streams, ponds, and wetlands, this diurnal and semi-aquatic species primarily feeds on fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Texas Garter Snakes may have live births or lay eggs, producing clutches of up to 40 offspring. Their conservation status is listed as least concern.

86. Texas Glossy Snake

The Texas Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans arenicola) is a non-venomous reptile reaching up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length. It displays a yellowish-brown or creamy color, adorned with chocolate or dark brown blotches. Commonly found in desert, grassland, and rocky areas, this burrowing, nocturnal snake preys on rodents, lizards, and small birds. Females lay eggs in clutches of 3-12. With a conservation status of least concern, the species continues to thrive in the wild.

87. Texas Indigo Snake

The Texas Indigo Snake (Drymarchon melanurus erebennus) is a large, non-venomous species reaching sizes up to 8.5 feet (2.6 meters). It exhibits a striking bluish-black coloration with red or orange markings on its chin and throat. Found in diverse habitats such as grasslands, woodlands, and river floodplains, this diurnal and terrestrial snake is known for its docile nature. Its varied diet consists of rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, and other snakes. Reproducing by laying 4-12 eggs per clutch, it currently enjoys a conservation status of “Least Concern”.

88. Texas Lined Snake

The Texas Lined Snake (Leptotyphlops dulcis) is a small, non-venomous serpent that measures up to 12 inches (30.5 cm) in length. Its gray or light brown color is adorned with darker stripes. Preferring grassy and moist habitats, this snake can be found in prairies, wetlands, and woodlands. Nocturnal and secretive in nature, the Texas Lined Snake spends most of its time underground, feasting on small invertebrates such as ants and termites. These snakes reproduce through laying eggs in clutches of 2-4. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

89. Texas Longnose Snake

The Texas Longnose Snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus) is a non-venomous reptile found in semi-arid habitats, grasslands, and rocky areas of Texas. Measuring up to 40 inches long, this snake features vibrant red or orange coloring with black and white bands. Nocturnal and secretive by nature, its diet consists of lizards, small snakes, and rodents. Texas Longnose Snakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 2-9. Currently, their conservation status is listed as “Least Concern.”

90. Texas Lyre Snake

Trimorphodon biscutatus, commonly known as the Texas Lyre Snake, is a gray or tan snake with dark blotches, reaching up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in length. Found in rocky habitats like canyons, hillsides, and outcrops, this nocturnal and terrestrial reptile has a diet consisting of lizards, small mammals, birds, and amphibians. The snake reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 3-10. Although mildly venomous, its venom is not harmful to humans. Its conservation status is currently classified as “least concern.”

91. Texas Night Snake

The Texas Night Snake (Hypsiglena jani) is a small, nocturnal reptile that can grow up to 30 inches in length. It has a light gray or beige coloration with dark brown blotches, and inhabits desert, grassland, and rocky areas. This terrestrial snake feeds on lizards, small snakes, and amphibians, and lays eggs in clutches of 2-9. Although its venom is only mildly venomous and not harmful to humans, caution should be exercised when handling. The species holds a conservation status of ‘Least Concern’.

92. Texas Patchnose Snake

The Texas Patchnose Snake, scientifically known as Salvadora grahamiae lineata, is a moderately large reptile that can grow up to 43 inches (110 cm) in length. Found in desert scrub, grasslands, and rocky areas, this diurnal snake has a gray or tan color with striking dark brown or black patches. Active mainly during warmer months, it feeds on lizards, small snakes, and rodents. The species reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 3-5. Considered non-venomous, its conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

93. Texas Rat Snake

The Texas Rat Snake (Pantherophis obsoletus) is a sizable, non-venomous reptile, reaching up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) in length. Boasting a gray or brown skin adorned with dark blotches, these creatures flourish in various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas. Diurnal and semi-arboreal by nature, their diet primarily consists of rodents, birds, and eggs. Reproducing by laying eggs in clutches of 5-20, the Texas Rat Snake’s conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

94. Texas Scarlet Snake

The Texas Scarlet Snake, scientifically known as Cemophora coccinea lineri, is a non-venomous snake species native to forests, grasslands, and coastal plains with sandy or loamy soils. Measuring up to 28 inches in length, it sports bright red, black, and white bands or blotches. As a nocturnal and secretive creature, it spends most of its time underground, feeding on reptile eggs, small lizards, and insects. Females lay 3-8 eggs per clutch. Currently, its conservation status is listed as least concern.

95. Timber Rattlesnake

The Timber Rattlesnake, scientifically known as Crotalus horridus, is a solitary, ambush predator that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. It comes in various colors, including yellow, brown, gray, or black with dark bands, and inhabits forests, mixed woodlands, and rocky hillsides. Its diet consists of rodents, birds, and small mammals. Unlike most snakes, the Timber Rattlesnake is viviparous, giving birth to 4-14 live young. It possesses hemotoxic venom, and its conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

96. Trans-Pecos Blind Snake

The Trans-Pecos Blind Snake (Leptotyphlops humilis) is a small, pink or light brown snake measuring 7-12 inches (18-30 cm) in length. This nocturnal and fossorial creature that calls Texas its home predominantly inhabits desert and scrubland environments, often dwelling under rocks or in burrows. Its diet consists of ants, termites, and their larvae. Laying clutches of 1-4 eggs, the Trans-Pecos Blind Snake is non-venomous and has a conservation status classified as least concern.

97. Trans-Pecos Rat Snake

The Trans-Pecos Rat Snake (Bogertophis subocularis) is a large, non-venomous reptile that can reach up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. Its distinctive yellowish-brown coloring is marked with dark brown or black blotches. Found in deserts, rocky habitats, and scrublands, this nocturnal and terrestrial species feeds on rodents, birds, and lizards. During reproduction, females lay eggs in clutches of 3-10. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” the Trans-Pecos Rat Snake continues to thrive in the wild.

98. Valley garter snake

The Valley Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans) is a mildly venomous, diurnal snake, reaching up to 43 inches in length. Featuring an array of brown, green, or olive hues and three distinct longitudinal stripes of yellow, blue, or white, these terrestrial creatures are commonly found in grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and near water sources. They feed primarily on earthworms, fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Reproducing via live births, they typically produce 3-25 young per litter. Despite their venom, they pose no threat to humans, and their conservation status is of least concern.

99. Western Coachwhip

The Western Coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum testaceus) is a sizeable, non-venomous snake that can grow up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) in length. Exhibiting a range of colors including tan, brown, pink, and gray, this agile species inhabits desert, grassland, scrub, and woodland areas. As a diurnal hunter, it primarily preys on lizards, rodents, birds, insects, and amphibians. Western Coachwhips lay eggs in clutches of 3-12, and their conservation status remains listed as least concern.

100. Western Diamondback Rattlesnake

The Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) is a large, gray-brown or pinkish-brown serpent adorned with diamond-shaped patterns. It can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) long, and it inhabits deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. This nocturnal and terrestrial snake primarily preys on rodents, rabbits, and other small mammals. Reproduction involves live birth, yielding 4-25 young in each litter. Its potent hemotoxic venom is a notable characteristic. Fortunately, its conservation status remains at “Least Concern.”

101. Western Hognose Snake

The Western Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus) is a mildly venomous reptile that can grow up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters) in size. It has a distinct brown or tan color with dark blotches and is known for its characteristic “hognose.” These terrestrial snakes primarily inhabit grasslands, prairies, and semi-arid environments. Being diurnal creatures, their diet consists of amphibians, particularly toads, small mammals, reptiles, and birds. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 4-23 and, despite the venom, are not considered dangerous to humans. Their conservation status is of least concern.

102. Western Hooknose Snake

The Western Hooknose Snake (Gyalopion canum) is a small, nocturnal reptile measuring up to 25 inches (64 cm) in length. Sporting a light brown or gray color with dark blotches, this mildly venomous snake inhabits desert habitats, rocky areas, and grasslands. It primarily feeds on centipedes, scorpions, spiders, and insects. A terrestrial species, it lays eggs in clutches of 2-4. Although venomous, its mild venom possesses no threat to humans. Currently, its conservation status is classified as least concern.

103. Western Massasauga

The Western Massasauga (Sistrurus tergeminus) is a small rattlesnake, measuring between 20 to 30 inches (51 to 76 cm) in length. Their coloration is gray or light brown, adorned with dark brown blotches. Native to grasslands, prairies, and marshy areas, these nocturnal and terrestrial creatures mainly feed on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. They give birth to live young, with 5-12 offspring per litter. Although venomous, their bites are not typically fatal to humans. Currently, their conservation status is listed as least concern.

104. Western Pygmy Rattlesnake

The Western Pygmy Rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius streckeri) is a small snake species measuring up to 24 inches (61 cm) in length. It has a gray or light brown coloration with dark blotches along its body. The snake can be found in a variety of habitats such as forests, grasslands, and wetlands. It is nocturnal, terrestrial, and has a diet consisting of small mammals, lizards, frogs, and insects. The Western Pygmy Rattlesnake reproduces with live births, producing 5-12 young per brood. Though mildly venomous, causing localized pain and swelling, its conservation status is listed as least concern.

105. Western Ribbonsnake

The Western Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis proximus) is a slender reptile measuring 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) in length, characterized by its black or dark brown coloration adorned with three bright yellow or white stripes. Commonly found in semi-aquatic habitats such as wetlands, marshes, and grasslands near water, this diurnal creature is a swift swimmer, preying primarily on fish, frogs, and tadpoles. The non-venomous species reproduces by laying egg clutches of 3-26, and has a conservation status of ‘Least Concern’.

106. Western Wormsnake

The Western Wormsnake (Carphophis vermis) is a non-venomous, small-sized reptile reaching up to 14 inches (35.5 cm) in length. It exhibits a distinct color pattern of brown-to-black on its back and pink or light brown on its belly. Inhabiting deciduous forests, grasslands, and moist suburban areas, this elusive, nocturnal creature primarily burrows underground and feeds on earthworms and soft-bodied invertebrates. Western Wormsnakes lay small egg clutches (1-8) and have a conservation status of Least Concern.

Nearby States:

• Snakes in Virginia
• Snakes in West Virginia
• Snakes in Oklahoma

Final Words

All the 106 snakes have truly opened our eyes to the fascinating world of snakes found in Texas. Who knew there were so many different types of these slithering reptiles, each with their own unique characteristics and habitats?

Not only did we get a chance to learn about some of the more common and well-known species, but we also delved into the lesser-known and often misunderstood ones.

So, the next time you’re out and about in Texas, keep an eye out for these incredible creatures, and let’s continue to appreciate and protect the diverse wildlife that makes our world so interesting!

Resources:

• Lone Star Brewing: Beer, Progressive Country Music, and …
• The Lake Clear (41SM243) Site and Crotalus horridus …
• Film and Television Projects Made in Texas (1910 – 2022)
• Robert Schrope Wade [12329] – Texas State Cemetery